String instruments- are instruments that are plucked or bowed and are often referred to as the “ heart of the orchestra “ because of their versatility and usefulness.
Violin- the leader and the heart of the orchestra. Played by moving the bow to and fro across the string.
Viola- a little larger than a violin. It is tuned a fifth lower than a violin.
Harp- a stringed instrument that is played by plucking
Double bass- largest among the stringed instruments that have the lowest pitch.
Cello- larger than the viola. Held by a player between his/her knees and moves the bow to and fro.

Woodwind instruments – produce music when musicians blow the mouthpiece

Piccolo- is the smallest instrument in the woodwind section. It has a range of octaves higher than a flute.
Flute- has a high range and is capable of producing fast series of tones.
Oboe – is the most dramatic woodwind musical instrument.
Clarinet- is a cylindrical instrument with a cup-shaped mouthpiece and a flaring bell at the end.
Bassoon – is called the “ clown “ of the orchestra for it has a long curving metallic mouthpiece. It is tone soft and mellow.

Bass instruments are used to produce sound by means of blowing.
They are made of brass metal.

The trumpet- is the main instrument of the brass section which has a brilliant and brassy sound.
Trombone- is the only sliding instrument in the brass section that changes pitch in any key.
French Horn- is 12 feet long and sounds more mellow than the trumpet.

Tuba- is the largest in the brass section and has the lowest pitch.

Percussion instruments- are played by striking the instruments with sticks or hammers while others are through shaking or rubbing like maracas.
Two classes
1. pitched
2. unpitched

Pitched Percussion

Timpani- known as kettle drums. It produces a thunderous effect when played continuously.

Xylophone- it can be of different lengths of wooden bars suspended on a frame of two rows, representing the white and black keys of the piano

Glockenspiel- known as bell-Lyra or orchestra bell. It sounds like little bells with a bright and silvery tone.

Tubular Bells- known as chime bars. They produce a church bell sound.

Unpitched Percussion

Bass Drum-the largest of the orchestra drums. It produces an awesome booming and thundering effect.

Snare drum- it produces a dry rattling and crackling sound

cymbals- two round metals held by leather straps fastened through the holes in their central domes. They clashed together with sliding motion or were struck by a stick to make a sound.

Others are castanets, gongs, tambourines, maraca, and triangles that belong to unpitched percussion.

Using the Advanced Features of Slide Presentation Tool

Introduction:

Multimedia presentation software is a tool that does not simply use pictures, sounds, and text but also uses the following helpful elements that will convey messages.

Multimedia presentation is an effective tool used in different fields such as business and education. It allows faster and easier grasping of ideas and concepts.

A multimedia presentation can be easily created and edited using Microsoft PowerPoint. You can add videos, soundtracks, and animation to it. Individual video clips can be dragged and set into the presentation. Animations can also be added to a specific slide. Sound clips, videos, or even still pictures can be used to enhance the presentation.

How to Add Video Clips from File

Audio and video are great tools to make any presentation interesting and exciting. Here are the procedures.

1. Choose the slide that you want to use. Click the Insert tab from the Menu box. Then go to Media Clips.

2. Choose the Movie button. Click on the small download arrow below the Movie button. Several options will be present but simply choose Movie from a file.

3. Find the file that you want to insert. Click on the file once to select it and click on the OK button.

4. Answer the dialog box that will appear asking your preferred way of starting the video in the slide show. Once done, you may adjust the size.

5. To modify the playback options of the video, click it once. You may customize the options that will appear in the menu bar at the options tab.

Taxonomy

What is taxonomy?

Taxonomy is the branch of biology concerned with the grouping and naming of organisms

Biologists who study this are called taxonomists.

How did it start?

People wanted to organize their world, so they began grouping, or classifying everything they saw.

ü Things that swim.
ü Things that fly Things that crawl
ü Things that walk on four legs
ü Things that chew their food
ü Things that swallow food whole
ü Toxic things

Why classify?

To help us organize all of the millions of species we discover.
To give every species a name based on a standard method so scientists from different countries can talk about the same animal without confusion

Who is Carolus Linnaeus?

Carolus Linnaeus was a Swedish botanist.

Developed a 7-level (taxa) classification system based on similarities between organisms.

The 8 Taxons

What is the 8 classification of taxonomy?

The current taxonomic system now has eight levels in its hierarchy, from lowest to highest, they are species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, and domain.

the classification system commonly used today is based on the Linnean system and has eight levels of taxa; from the most general to the most specific, these are domain, kingdom, phylum (plural, phyla), class, order, family, genus (plural, genera), and species.

Dear, how does it work?

There are 6 broad kingdoms.

Every living thing that we know of fits into one of the six kingdoms.

Each level gets more specific as fewer organisms fit into any one group.

Binomial Nomenclature

Bi means two

No means name.

Binomial nomenclature is a classification system using two names to identify an organism.

Scientific name

Genus-species name given to all organisms.

Canis familiaris is the scientific name for a domestic dog.

Canis is the genus name.

familiar is the species name.

This system uses a binomial nomenclature.

Genus…

A genus consists of a group of closely related species

Other animals in the Canis group include wolves and coyotes.

The genus name is always Capitalized.

Species...

A species consists of animals that can mate and produce fertile offspring.

Only domestic dogs are known as lupus.

The species name is always lowercase.

Which organisms are most closely related?

"The Tortoise and the Bird"

A tortoise was resting under a tree, on which a bird had built its nest. The tortoise spoke to the bird mockingly, “What a shabby home you have! It is made of broken twigs, has no roof, and looks crude. What’s worse is that you had to build it yourself. I think my house, which is my shell, is much better than your pathetic nest”.

“Yes, it is made of broken sticks, looks shabby, and is open to the elements of nature. It is crude, but I built it, and I like it.”I guess it’s just like any other nest, but not better than mine”, said the tortoise. “You must be jealous of my shell, though.

“On the contrary”, the bird replied. “My home has space for my family and friends; your shell cannot accommodate anyone other than you. Maybe you have a better house. But I have a better home”, said the bird happily.

Moral: Better a crowded hut than a lonely mansion.

Story trivia: The Tortoise and the Birds is a fable of probable folk origin, early versions of which are found in both India and Greece.

Instruction: Write down below the lessons you have learned from the story.

_________________________________________________________________________________

Click the link to download the soft copy:

The Tortoise and the Bird

The Goose that Laid the Golden Eggs

The phrase "The goose that laid the golden eggs" is a well-known phrase. A fable is a short story with a moral and usually involves animals. The goose that laid the golden eggs fits all of the criteria. What is the moral of this fable, and what does the phrase mean?

Once upon a time, a farmer had a goose that laid a golden egg every day. The egg provided enough money for the farmer and his wife for their day-to-day needs. The farmer and his wife were happy for a long time. But one day, the farmer got an idea and thought, “Why should I take just one egg a day? Why can’t I take all of them at once and make a lot of money? “The foolish farmer’s wife also agreed and decided to cut the goose’s stomach for the eggs.

As soon as they killed the bird and opened the goose’s stomach, to find nothing but guts and blood. The farmer, realizing his foolish mistake, cries over the lost resource! The English idiom “kill not the goose that lays the golden egg” was also derived from this classic story.

Moral: Think before you act.

What have I learned?

Story trivia: “The Goose that Laid the Golden Eggs" is one of Aesop's Fables, numbered 87 in the Perry Index, a story with a number of Eastern analogs.

Instruction:

Write down below the lessons you have learned from the story.

_______________________________________________________________________________

Sources of Information- English Lesson

There are plenty of ways how you can gather information. Information can be gathered from books, journals, magazines, and other references. Each source provides specific details. You may enrich your informational skills using various information sources.

Information may be gathered from various sources. A table of contents, an index, and even a book cover may provide important information. However, detailed information may be gathered using the following:

1. A book is a source of information that presents topics in chapters. Books cover virtually any topic, fact or fiction. For research purposes, you may look for books that synthesize all the information on one topic to support a particular argument or thesis.

Use:

When looking for lots of information on a topic
To put your topic in context with other important issues
To find historical information
To find summaries of research to support an argument.

2. A dictionary is a collection of words that are alphabetically arranged. It also provides meanings to various word items.

Use:

To look up the meaning of a word that you don’t understand.
Can help you understand your subject better, improve your communication and improve your grades by making sure you are using words correctly.

3. An encyclopedia consists of short factual entries about various subjects or topics. Encyclopedias are collections of short, factual entries often written by different contributors who are knowledgeable about the issue.

There are two types of encyclopedias: general and subject. General encyclopedias provide concise overviews on a wide variety of topics. Subject encyclopedias contain in-depth entries focusing on one field of study.

Use:

When looking for background information on a topic.
When trying to find key ideas, important dates, or concepts.

4. A newspaper provides discussion on updated and current issues and trends. It is a collection of articles about current events usually published daily. Since there is at least one in every city, it is a great source of local information.

Use:

To find current information about international, national, and local events
To find editorials, commentaries, expert or popular opinions

5. A magazine is a collection of articles and images on various topics and interests. A magazine is a collection of articles and images about diverse topics of popular interest and current events.

Usually, these articles are written by journalists or scholars and are geared toward the average adult.

Use:

To find information or opinions about popular culture
To find up-to-date information about current events
To find general articles for people who are not necessarily specialists in the topic.

6. A journal is a collection of articles written by scholars and/or researchers. It is a collection of articles usually written by scholars in an academic or professional field. An editorial board reviews articles to decide whether they should be accepted. Articles in journals can cover very specific topics or narrow fields of research.

Use:

When doing scholarly research
To find out what has been studied on your topic
To find bibliographies that point to other relevant research.

7. The Internet allows you to search for information through a browser. One of the main features of the Web is the ability to quickly link to other related information. It contains information beyond plain text, including sounds, images, and video. The important thing to do when using the information on the Internet is to know how to evaluate it!

To find current information.
To find information about companies.
To find information from all levels of government - federal to local.
To find both expert and popular opinions.
To find information about hobbies and personal interests.

Match each description in Column A with the source of information in Column B.

Column A Column B

_____1. collection of short factual entries A. Book

_____2. topics presented in chapters B. Magazine

_____3. articles are written by scholars/researchers C. Internet

_____4. updated and current issues D. Journal

_____5. collection of articles and images E. Newspaper

_____6. searching information through a browser F. Dictionary

_____7. collection of words and their meanings G. Encyclopedia

MENU

TIMBRE

Using the Advanced Features of Slide Presentation Tool

Taxonomy

"The Tortoise and the Bird"

The Goose that Laid the Golden Eggs

Moral: Think before you act.

Sources of Information- English Lesson

Investing for Beginners: A Step Towards Financial Freedom